Dropout in youth Sport
The term “dropout” is used quite frequently in relation to youth sports. It is a word that brings to mind many different thoughts and certainly has many different connotations associated with it. However, reports suggest that there may be repercussions that can result from the dropout in youth sport. Some of these have the potential to be harmful in nature and could be negative for future health of the individual. The reasons behind the drop-out in youth sports are varied in nature, but require investigation into their activity and what may possibly become of the individual if dropout does occur.
Dropout is the term used when (in this particular case) a youth, male or female, ceases to play a sport permanently. Research across countries like Ireland, England and USA have shown that dropout rates are increased during certain age ranges (e.g. 15 – 17). Here in Ireland, a survey was done with college students in relation to participation in sport. A whopping 50% said that up to that point (18 years old), they have ceased their participation in sport. Even more worrying than this, the average age of dropout in sport amongst this group was 15 years old. Various reasons were given for the dropout in this study and indeed in other similar research papers. For example, reasons such as “no time”, or “lost interest”, “fear of public image at a younger age” and “very little motivation” were all stated as being some of the common reasons for the dropout in sport. There is also a school of thought that females are much more likely to drop out of sport at a young age compared to males, citing more social reasons as an explanation for this.
So what does this mean for the future of those who dropout from sport? Initially, some research suggests that youth sport dropouts may be at a higher risk of mental health problems later on in life. Studies in Australia show that primary school children who drop out of organised sport have up to a 20 per cent greater risk of developing mental health problems within three years than those who keep participating according to new research released during Mental Health Week 2014. The research found that children who dropped out of organised sport between the ages of 8 and 10 had greater psychological difficulties at age 10 than those children still participating in organised sports, and those children who had dropped out of organised sports reported greater social and emotional problems, as did those who did not participate in organised sport at all.
Similarly, the advantages of youths playing sport are commonly known. For example, playing sport at youth level reduces the chances of osteoporosis later on in life, promotes weight loss and improves flexibility, stamina and endurance to name but a few. Dropout from sport at this level could reduce these benefits, and in turn may cause health implications in the future. The knock-on effects of dropout from youth sport could have a negative impact for the future health of the individual. So what is being done to combat the high numbers who dropout from sport at youth level? Initially, coaching structures and standards are gradually shifting over towards a fun and participation orientation, and away from the elitist / performance aspect that is present in youth sports. This is aimed at keeping youth sports interesting and appealing to all involved. Coaches are now being encouraged to provide positive reinforcement along with improvement of skills, taking the emphasis off the final result and the winning mentality associated with sport. The benefits of activity for a person’s health and mental well-being are also being highlighted as an important incentive for the prevention of dropout across all ages. Even at an adult level, lunch-time exercise initiatives at work, running clubs and discounted gym memberships are all aimed at keeping adults in sport and persuading those who have dropped out to make a return.
So it’s clear that dropout from youth sport is an issue that has been highlighted over the past number of years. It’s a topic that may lead to future problems, and as such, it’s an issue that requires solutions. Reviews such as “Keeping them in the Game”, and the programmes associated with it are employed to prevent dropout. The numbers dropping out from sport at an early age are a concern and it’s up to coaches, parents, teachers, sports providers, etc. to rectify this.
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